DOCTEUR DE L’UNIVERSITÉ GRENOBLE ALPES École doctorale : EEATS - Electronique, Electrotechnique, Automatique, Traitement du Signal Spécialité : Génie électrique Unité de recherche : CEA - Laboratoire d'Innovation pour les Technologies des Energies Nouvelles et les Nanomatériaux
Analyse et contrôle de la stabilité des réseaux électriques à fort taux d'énergie renouvelable. Analysis and control of the stability of power systems with a high penetration of renewable energy. Présentée par : Hung Cuong NGUYEN
ABSTRACT In response to the challenges associated with the use of fossil fuels, there is a global energy transition towards renewable energy sources (RES), such as solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind energy, which offer cleaner and more sustainable alternatives. However, the variable nature of RES energy production, which depends on weather conditions, introduces intermittency and poses challenges for the reliability of power systems. Additionally, RES are typically connected to the grid through power electronic interfaces, which have low inertia compared to synchronous generators (SGs). These characteristics of RES negatively affect grid stability, influencing frequency, voltage, and rotor angle stability.Historically, stability studies focused on rotor angle stability and voltage stability in systems with rotating machines. With the integration of RES and power electronic inverters, and the consequent reduction in conventional synchronous generators, it has become necessary to perform more comprehensive studies, particularly on grids with high levels of RES penetration. Our thesis addresses this issue by using both static and dynamic analyses to assess grid stability, with a particular focus on frequency stability.The contributions of this thesis include the following:• State of the Art on the Impacts of RES on Stability: Analyzing how the lack of inertia and the intermittent nature of RES production lead to instability issues such as frequency, rotor angle, and voltage instability, and studying methods to enhance system stability.• Stability Analysis via Simulation: Using dynamic simulation methods to examine the impact of high RES penetration on overall grid stability, identifying the thresholds of RES integration beyond which grids become unstable.• Stochastic Simulations: Utilizing stochastic simulations to identify extreme scenarios that could lead to instability in power systems integrated with RES after disturbances, due to the intermittent nature of RES production.• Innovative Solutions: Proposing methods to stabilize power systems in critical scenarios, aiming for up to 100% RES integration while maintaining grid reliability. This includes the application of Fault Ride-Through (FRT) requirements and Energy Storage Systems (ESS).• Parameter Optimization: Using particle swarm optimization (PSO) to determine the optimal parameters for ESS controllers and Power System Stabilizers (PSS), thereby improving the quality and resilience of system responses.• Hybrid AC-DC Grids: Investigating the effects of hybrid AC-DC grids integrated with RES and proposing strategies to improve grid stability. This includes using HVDC-VSC technology as a firewall against disturbances and optimizing HVDC-VSC parameters to accommodate higher levels of RES penetration.
ORIGINAL LINK: https://theses.hal.science/tel-04998145v1