quarta-feira, 2 de junho de 2021
Ruggedness of High-Voltage IGBTs and Protection Solutions by Thomas Basler Approved to obtain the degree of Doctor of Engineer. Technical University of Chemnitz
Ruggedness of High-Voltage IGBTs and
Protection Solutions
by Thomas Basler
Approved to obtain the degree of Doctor of Engineer.
Technical University of Chemnitz
Bibliographic information from the German National Library
The German National Library lists this publication in the
German National
Bibliography; detailed bibliographical information is in the
Available on the Internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de.
This work was supported by the Faculty of Electrical Engineering and
Information technology from the Technical University of Chemnitz as a dissertation
Approved to obtain the degree of Doctor of Engineer.
The work was written in English.
Date of submission: September 10, 2013
Reviewer: Prof. Dr. Josef Lutz
Prof. Dr. Steffen Bernet
Dr. Roland Jakob
Defense Day: February 28, 2014
ABSTRACT
Application-Oriented IGBT Requirements and
Motivation of this Work This thesis was written at Chemnitz University of Technology in cooperation
with General Electric Energy Power Conversion GmbH, former Converteam,
in Berlin. Many of the tasks and problem-settings regarding the improvement
of ruggedness of high-voltage IGBTs were derived directly from the industry
partner and its 3-level medium-voltage converter application. This topology
is widely used for industrial and traction applications [Ber00]. For the considered
converter, 42-chip press-pack IGBTs with a voltage rating of 4.5 kV
are used. The challenge was to investigate all possible IGBT short-circuit
cases in this type of converter and to shift the complete converter protection
concept to the optimum level. The interconnection between the gate unit and
the IGBT and the surrounding circuit parameters like the stray and shortcircuit
inductance were of special interest. In addition to the short-circuit
topic, a solution should be found on how to protect the load of the converter
(e.g. a large windmill generator) against asymmetric short-circuit currents
and alternating torques, see Chapter 5. For this purpose, the surge-current
mode of the IGBT is introduced and verified. It will be shown that this special
mode can be handled by the IGBT without destruction or significant
ageing.
To meet the requirements and test conditions mentioned above, a singlechip
test bench was constructed. New phenomena like the self-turn-off mechanism
or special IGBT destructions under short-circuit and surge-current
mode were studied in detail. Countermeasures were found to protect the
IGBT and the complete power-electronic circuit and application from a possible
destruction.
domingo, 23 de maio de 2021
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ И РАЗРАБОТКА ЭНЕРГОПРЕОБРАЗУЮЩЕЙ АППАРАТУРЫ ВЫСОКОВОЛЬТНЫХ СИСТЕМ ЭЛЕКТРОПИТАНИЯ КОСМИЧЕСКИХ АППАРАТОВ-Черная Мария Михайловна-RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF POWER CONVERSION EQUIPMENT FOR HIGH VOLTAGE POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS FOR SPACE VEHICLES BY --Maria Mikhailovna-
Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «ТОМСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ СИСТЕМ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ И РАДИОЭЛЕКТРОНИКИ» (ТУСУР)
Черная Мария Михайловна
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ И РАЗРАБОТКА ЭНЕРГОПРЕОБРАЗУЮЩЕЙ АППАРАТУРЫ
ВЫСОКОВОЛЬТНЫХ СИСТЕМ ЭЛЕКТРОПИТАНИЯ КОСМИЧЕСКИХ АППАРАТОВ
05.09.12 – Силовая электроника
Dissertation for an academic degree
candidate of technical sciences
Scientific adviser:
Doctor of Technical Sciences,
Yu.A. Shinyakov
Power supply system (EPS) of the automatic spacecraft (SC)
is a set of energy sources and energy-converting equipment (EPA), which stabilizes the voltage of the output power line of the load and
distribution of energy flows in the PDS in accordance with the operating modes of the system and
operating conditions of the spacecraft.
Significant contribution to the creation of scientific and technical groundwork in the development and
the creation of power supply systems for automatic spacecraft was made by the teams of the leading
enterprises of the Russian Space Agency: JSC "Information Satellite
systems "them. acad. M.F. Reshetnev (Zheleznogorsk), FSUE NPO im. S.A. Lavochkin "(g.
Khrunichev State Research and Production Center (Moscow),
RSC Energia im. S.P. Korolev (Korolev) and others. They solve the problems of overcoming
technological barriers and solving urgent scientific and technological problems, on
development and implementation of innovations, ground testing of BOT, flight tests and
support during the normal operation of the spacecraft.
Inversores integrados monofásicos e trifásicos para aplicações fotovoltaicas: técnicas para obtenção de mppt, detecção e proteção de ilhamento, sincronização e paralelismo com a rede de distribuição de energia elétrica-Moacyr Aureliano Gomes de Brito--Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira-
Moacyr Aureliano Gomes de Brito
Inversores Integrados Monofásicos e Trifásicos para Aplicações
Fotovoltaicas: Técnicas para obtenção de MPPT, detecção e
proteção de ilhamento, sincronização e paralelismo com a rede de
distribuição de energia elétrica
Tese submetida à Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira –
FEIS/UNESP – como parte dos requisitos exigidos para a
obtenção do título de Doutor em Engenharia Elétrica.
Orientador
Prof. Dr. Carlos Alberto Canesin
Ilha Solteira.
2013.
Esta proposta de tese se baseia na necessidade atual e tendência mundial na busca por
sistemas cada vez mais eficientes e que se baseiem em fontes de energia alternativas menos
poluentes, renováveis e que produzam pouco impacto ambiental. Desta forma, são
desenvolvidos sistemas de geração de energia elétrica de pequeno porte baseado em painéis
solares fotovoltaicos. Com o intuito de aumentar o rendimento e a densidade de potência dos
sistemas, são apresentadas novas estruturas de inversores monofásicos e trifásicos integrados
para aplicação como sistemas isolados e/ou conectados à rede de distribuição em corrente
alternada (CA), operando como sistemas de geração distribuídos. Os inversores integrados são
apresentados com o intuito de substituir os usuais sistemas de conversão de energia a duplo
estágio. Incorporado aos inversores integrados são implementados métodos e dispositivos
para extração da máxima potência possível dos painéis fotovoltaicos (algoritmo de MPPT),
aumentando assim o aproveitamento de energia advinda destes painéis. Além disso, em
virtude da necessidade de conexão segura destes sistemas à rede de distribuição de energia
elétrica em corrente alternada, são realizadas análises e a implementação de métodos de
sincronismo com a rede de CA em baixa tensão; além da análise e síntese de métodos híbridos
para detecção e gestão do efeito de ilhamento, a fim de garantir a segurança do sistema. O
controle dos conversores e as técnicas de MPPT, gestão e detecção de ilhamento, bem como
de sincronismo com a rede em CA são implementadas de forma digital, com o objetivo de
propiciar maior flexibilidade na concepção das lógicas de controle adequadas às aplicações
propostas. Finalmente, destaca-se que o trabalho trouxe contribuições significativas para a
melhoria na implementação dos algoritmos de MPPT P&O e IC, que foram denominados de
P&O e IC baseados em PI. Também foram apresentadas as etapas de integração para a
obtenção de novas famílias de inversores integrados monofásicos e trifásicos, destacando a
inovação das topologias ZETA/Cuk integradas. Ainda, destaca-se que esta é a primeira tese
que apresenta os inversores tri-state trifásicos em conexão com a rede de distribuição de
energia elétrica. Inversores estes que foram dotados de uma inovação no controle e em sua
modulação, que leva ao controle independente entre entrada e saída, facilitando a busca do
MPPT e a injeção de potência na rede elétrica.
Palavras-Chave: Conversão fotovoltaica. Inversores integrados. MPPT. Ilhamento e sincronismo.
quinta-feira, 20 de maio de 2021
High Frequency GaN Characterization and Design Considerations by Xiucheng Huang-Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
High Frequency GaN Characterization and Design Considerations by Xiucheng Huang Dissertation submitted to the faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy In Electrical Engineering
Fred C. Lee, Chair
Qiang Li
Dong S. Ha
Jaime De La Ree
Alfred L. Wicks
Sep 6th, 2016
Blacksburg, Virginia
High Frequency GaN Characterization and Design Considerations
Xiucheng Huang
ABSTRACT
The future power conversion system not only must meet the characteristics demanded
by the load, but also have to achieve high power density with high efficiency, high ambient
temperature, and high reliability. Density and efficiency are two key drivers and metrics
for the advancement of power conversion technologies.
Generally speaking, a high performance active device is the first force to push power
density to meet the requirement of modern systems. Silicon has been a dominant material
in power management since the late 1950s. However, due to continuous device
optimizations and improvements in the production process, the material properties of
silicon have increasingly become the limiting factor. Workarounds like the super junction
stretch the limits but usually at substantial cost.
The use of gallium nitride devices is gathering momentum, with a number of recent
market introductions for a wide range of applications such as point-of-load (POL)
converters, off-line switching power supplies, battery chargers and motor drives. GaN
devices have a much lower gate charge and lower output capacitance than silicon
MOSFETs and, therefore, are capable of operating at a switching frequency 10 times
greater. This can significantly impact the power density of power converters, their form
factor, and even current design and manufacturing practices. To realize the benefits of GaN
devices resulting from significantly higher operating frequencies, a number of issues have
to be addressed, such as converter topology, soft-switching technique, high frequency gate
driver, high frequency magnetics, packaging, control, and thermal management.
This work studies the insight switching characteristics of high-voltage GaN devices
including some specific issues related to the cascode GaN. The package impact on the
switching performance and device reliability will be illustrated in details. A stack-die
package is proposed for cascode GaN devices to minimize the impact of package parasitic
inductance on switching transition. Comparison of hard-switching and soft-switching
operation is carried based on device model and experiments, which shows the necessity of
soft-switching for GaN devices at high frequency.
This work also addresses high dv/dt and di/dt related gate drive issues associated with
the higher switching speed of GaN devices. Particularly, the conventional driving solution
could fail on the high side switch in a half-bridge configuration due to relative large
common-mode noise current. Two simple and effective driving methods are proposed to
improve noise immunity and maintain high driving speed.
terça-feira, 18 de maio de 2021
A Digital Control System for UPS Systems with Smart Grid Capability Mardani Boroujeni, Fatemeh-UNIVERSIY DE CALGARY-DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE GRADUATE PROGRAM IN ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
A Digital Control System for UPS Systems with Smart
Grid Capability
Mardani Boroujeni, Fatemeh
THESIS
SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES
IN PARTIAL
FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE
DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE
GRADUATE PROGRAM IN ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY CALGARY, ALBERTA
AUGUST, 2019.
Abstract
Smart grids have recently become the center of attention for modernizing the grid system.
In future smart-grids, energy storage systems are one of the key components, which
can complement intermittent renewable energy sources and in turn increase reliability and
eciency of the grid system. Modern Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) systems can
provide storage capacity for future smart grids since they usually include batteries. UPS
systems can also provide instant electrical power to sensitive equipment and grid during
various events such as brownout, power failures, spikes, voltage surges, EMI/RF noise, and
frequency variations.
Future UPS systems require to have much better dynamics in order to deal with transients.
The control system of UPS systems mainly determines their dynamical performance
and transient response. The existing state-of-the-art UPS control systems are based on linear
PI controllers for the most part. Thus, current UPS systems usually show a sluggish
transient response and they are not suited for future smart grid applications where instant
power is required to maintain the system.
In this thesis, new UPS systems with improved transient response are proposed. The
proposed UPS system utilities a new controller that is able to improve the dynamic performance
and allows for various smart grid functionalities. The proposed control system is
based on the adaptive control theory, which adaptively changes the controller's parameters
based on the UPS operating conditions. Furthermore, the proposed control system isolates
the double-frequency ripple from the battery in the normal/charging mode as well as in the
backup/discharging mode. Therefore, the new UPS system is well-suited for single-phase
systems utilizing lithium-ion battery as storage.
Mathematical analysis, simulation, and experimental results are presented to verify the
performance of the proposed control system and demonstrate its superior performance.
Assinar:
Postagens (Atom)